Modern History

Manchester United – Munich Air Disaster 1958

The history and Sport are two disciplines that have often intersected his path. And often this intersection is the heavy burden of a tragedy. The 6 February 1958 in Munich there was a snow storm. Matt Busby, l’ coach of Manchester United, After rebuilding the club from the ruins of World War II, He had managed to bring him back to the top of the English Championship. From the second half of the 50 He had a dream: win the European Cup. In the season 1956/57 the Red Devils were escalated to semifinals, in 1958 Manchester United wanted to try to win the ultimate continental trophy. The team was young and promising. Played champions like Tommy Taylor paid 29999 British pounds, Duncan Edwards, Bobby Charlton, Bill Foulkes. That Thursday afternoon 6 February 1958 the club was returning from Belgrade. He had just passed the Cup against the Red Star by accessing to semifinals. All’ era trafficking in Belgrade – Manchester required a stopover for refueling in Munich. Despite the bad weather conditions, the delay already in Belgrade for the loss of passport of Berry, the pilots decided to leave the same. Three attempts were made to take off, the third fatal. The track was covered with snow, the pilot led l’ plane down the runway, lost speed and broke a wing and the aircraft crashed into a fuel depot. L’ Depot explosion ignited l’ plane. They died instantly David Pegg, Tommy Taylor, Geoff Bent, Roger Byrne, Eddie Colman, Mark Jones, Liam ' Billy’ Whelan. Johnny Berry and Jackie Blanchflower survived but were injured so serious not to allow them to resume playing ever again. The talent of that team Duncan Edwards resisted 15 days and then died. Matt Busby was awarded the’ extreme unction three times but after weeks of cure survived. Survived two players Bobby Charlton and Bill Foulkes who along with Matt Busby would have lifted the European Cup in 1968, ten years after the Munich tragedy. The toll of the tragedy, including three staff members of Busby, eight journalists and four members of the’ crew. Outside of’ Old Trafford, the stadium of Manchester United, There is l’ Munich clock stopped all’ time and date of the tragedy.

HECTOR PARKER

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THE DEATH OF ALDO MORO AND L’ BEGINNING OF THE END OF BR

The 9 may 1978 a call to professor Franco Tritto announced the death of Aldo Moro. A dramatic telephone call which fell in last wishes expressed by the Italian statesman before he was killed by the Red Brigades. That morning, very soon, the President of the Christian Democrats was boosted in the trunk of a Renault 4 redhead. According to the account of the Red Brigade members l’ Mr was wrapped in a blanket and twelve were fired shots from two different weapons, a submachine gun Skorpion caliber 7,65 and a Walther Pkk caliber 9. Over the years the direct responsibility of the murder were traced to three different people. Three different versions. The first that portrayed the scenario in which shooting was Prospero Gallinari, then where was Mario Moretti and finally that which concerned Germano Maccari. With certainty we know very little. Recently the RIS has conducted surveys that have changed that old version. The new version sees Aldo Moro not crouched in the trunk, but sitting on the floor of the boot and in a frontal position all’ performer. After l’ killing a few hours later the phone call to professor Tan by the brigades Valerio Morucci explaining where he would be found to deliver it to the family. The place chosen was via Caetani in Rome. A symbolic place being halfway between the headquarters of the Christian Democratic Party and the Communist Party.

Hector Parker

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Marie Antoinette, the last Queen of France

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The 02 November 1755 Marie Antoinette was born in Lorraine, wife of the King of France Louis XVI, known to history as one of the most capricious and frivolous Queens ever.
Marie Antoinette and her story still intrigue, as evidenced by receipts from the films of Coppola Marie Antoinette (2006), where the unbridled luxury and extravagance infinite are the main subjects.
Many curiosities and oddities in narrated films are not however entirely accurate and historically proven.
First, the most famous Queen of France was not fond of sweets and champagne, It states that Marie Antoinette was abstemious and a much more frugal than the husband; one of the favourite dishes of the first French woman was, In fact, cabbage soup.
Secondly, the famous phrase “If they have no more bread, Let them eat brioche!” that Marie Antoinette would have uttered about the starving people of Paris actually was never spoken. The origin of the phrase is uncertain: According to some historians it was uttered by a Lady of the wife of the Sun King, According to others, from one of the daughters of Louis XV. What is certain is that the unfortunate phrase was blamed for all the foreign sovereign arrived in France and was very in vogue even under the reign of Marie Antoinette.
Finally, in the movie space is reserved to the maternal qualities of Marie Antoinette. The Queen was a very present and loving mother; in the early years of marriage, When the couple couldn't have children of the heirs to the throne, the Queen adopted several children who had to live with her in court and educated as if they were real children.
The image that Marie Antoinette has left to posterity is that of a superficial and frivolous woman; the question we should ask, however, is whether this archetype of woman is not the result of an invention or if, most presumably, some characteristics of the young sovereign may have been magnified by detractors of the French monarchy.
The French monarchy she found her own term to coincide with the end of the ancien régime and the death of the Austrian woman, which took place on 21 September 1792.

Maria

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A pride all Italian: Elena Lucrezia, the first woman graduate in the world

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The first woman graduate in the world was an Italian woman who lived in the 17th century named Elena Lucrezia Cornaro.
Born in 1646, daughter of Venetian nobles, the parents encouraged in every way education since childhood, When Elena Lucrezia had already demonstrated considerable brainpower.
Nineteen year old, the girl decided to take vows but continued his studies in religious subjects and Humanities, with the aspiration to earn a degree in theology from the University — then "study" – of Padua. At that time it was not common for women make studies scholars, let alone pursue a. The case of Elena Lucrezia represented an unprecedented exception: in 1678 He managed to get, not with little effort, graduated in philosophy. Due to his condition of woman, However, He could never exercise the profession of teacher.
This extraordinary event could occur with the support of the father of Elena Lucrezia, real Maecenas of the era, but also and above all thanks to the keen intelligence and open-mindedness of the girl.
This woman, Italian pride and example for all scholars and not only, is the test of freedom and exquisitely feminine force: Although he was not able to overthrow all existing social rules (his degree was in philosophy and in theology not assigned, how she longed, but also the inability to practice the teaching etc.), Elena Lucrezia paved the way, until then never traveled, the recognition of the capacity of women to think and "intellegere".
Today the figure of Elena Lucrezia remains too little known, Although some have been dedicated Awards, plaques & squares; She was also given a crater on the planet Venus.

Maria

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A Pope… VICOFORTE

Among the 15 and the 16 August 1809 the Roman Pontiff Pius VII, Gregorio Chiaramonti, passed in Vicoforte hostage of Napoleon Bonaparte. The Pope stopped at the Vatican on 5 July of that year was conducted to Savona: on the way you chose to travel the roads inside the monregalese, rather than along the coast because they are considered more secure against the local uprisings. Great was the emotion and affection shown by the population to the Pope: popular religious sentiment was quite strong especially in rural areas of the country.

Today you can visit, in one of the chapels of the basilica of Vicoforte sanctuary, the monument that was erected in honor of Pius VII and the sedan chair that he left as a gift to the people visited the EC as a sign of her passage.

It is celebrated even today the phrase with which Pope Chiaramonti refused to surrender to Napoleon:

"We must not, We can't, We don't want ".

Roberto Rossetti

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