Foundation and History of the bull

 

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The Torino Calcio was born in 1906 in the beer Voigt, in Turin.

The Foundation took place with the collaboration of some Juventus dissidents led by Alfred Dick, He later became President of the neo-Toro. The new company, in the beginning, use different colors by opting for that then grenade.

The first official match was played against Pro Vercelli, won by grenade 2-1. In 1912 the “Toro” He also stood for a tour in South America, which ended with six wins in as many games.

In the years ' 40 came il Grande Torino, able to win five consecutive league titles and win in a year the scudetto and the Coppa Italy.
In 4 may 1949 the bull played a friendly match against Benfica in Lisbon, but on the way back, due to severe fog, the plane carrying the bull went

bumping into the embankment of the Basilica of Superga, so all players del Toro died in a late afternoon, more precisely to 17:03.

To this great tragedy followed very difficult years, with the bull that returned to serie B going then, the year after, to win the Cup Italy.
In 1976 the bull returned to win the Championship thanks to the splendid attack pair of Graziani and Pulici.

The challenge was repeated the following year, where the bull finished second behind Juventus, at one point away.
In the Championship 1989-90 the bull returned for the second time in Europa League, conquering the final but “losing”, in a manner of speaking, against Ajax: Gianpaolo Ormezzano the remembered how a “night without God”.
In the Championship 1990-91 the Bull won its first Mitropa Cup.
In 2005 the bull failed due to financial problems , so the bull departed from serie B thanks to President Urbano Cairo. The 26 June 2005, the bull, celebrated their return to serie A.
After the 2005, though, the bull was relegated twice more, but in the season 2014-15 the bull returned for the third time in the Europa League coming up to the round of 16 against Zenit, losing 2-0 the first leg, but winning 1-0 the return.

For me, today, become a fan of the Bull also means knowing how to suffer, because it is not easy to root for this team; It also means encouraging and supporting the grenade until the end, to bring home a win.

David Aimar (11 years)

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See the present through the past: the secret agreement of Sykes – Picot

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In 1916 a secret agreement was signed between the Governments of the United Kingdom and France, called the Sykes-Picot agreement, to define the respective spheres of influence in the Middle East following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I.
The victory of France and England on the Ottomans was possible thanks to the help of the populations residing in the Empire, mostly Arab Muslims. If success was their promise, as a reward, the construction of the great Saudi, a great Islamic State and panarabico, even today most rebel groups main goal as Al Qaida and ISIS.
The agreement however was not truthful, and were instead created the small States under the direct influence of English and French: the United Kingdom took control of areas including Jordan, the Iraq and a small area around Haifa, While France had the power in the South-East of Turkey, the northern part of Iraq, the Syria and Lebanon.
The Division of power was studied theoretically, without taking account of the population who found himself separated from Limes politicians impassable, In addition to not having the opportunity to choose their own destiny historian and politician.
In these areas, Europe has exerted its dominance in direct form, with the presence of officials sent by continent, until the end of World War II, When a majority of the States of the Middle East declared independence.
Turning our gaze to the past, the inevitable question is: What would be today in the Middle East, If Europe had been less greedy and desirous of power, Since the secret agreement of Sykes-Picot?

Maria

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Women priestesses: the right to equality in ecclesiastical circles

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The 11 November 1992 the General Synod of the Anglican Church met to decide upon opening the priesthood to women. The result of the vote, later on live television, He was in favour of women's ordination.
As is known, women priests in the Catholic and Orthodox religion is excluded. John Paul II had already made known its position in this regard in the Apostolic Letter Ordinatio sacerdotalis of 22 may 1994, and even the Pope expressed himself on the subject: “with regard to the ordination of women, the Church has spoken and said no. John Paul II has spoken with a definitive formulation, that door is closed. But remember that Mary is more important than the Apostles bishops, and so the woman in the Church is more important than the bishops and priests”.
The church maintains that there are no adverse reasons against women priests, However the doubt rises spontaneously. What prevented the Church, over the centuries, open to women a chance to be a part of Holy orders? Meets John Paul II: “the fact that the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God and of the Church, did not receive the proper mission of the Apostles nor the ministerial priesthood, clearly shows that the non-admission of women all’ ordination cannot mean a reduced dignity or discrimination… The female role in the life and mission of the Church, Although not related to the ministerial priesthood, It remains absolutely necessary and irreplaceable”.

Maria

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The Church in the storm

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The corruption of the clergy, especially that Roman, It is a phenomenon now bi-millennial. It derives its origin from the ancient practice of the aristocratic families before Roman only, then the various Lordships italiane, to place a family member within the Roman curia, or even lead him to pontificate. How can we not remember then, in this regard,, two key members of the powerful and prestigious Florentine family of doctors who ascended the papal throne: Giovanni di Lorenzo de ' Medici, Pope under the name of Leo X and Alessandro di Ottaviano de ' Medici. Although in the middle ages and later in the Renaissance, the Papal power was reduced to the control of Lazio, part of Campania and Tuscany, similar to other local Italian Lords, his spiritual power was so great and important to influence not only the Lords themselves, But even the foreign conquerors, for example the French. The drift of the corruption of the clergy came with the sale of indulgences and reduced to mere economic payment of remission of sins, the salvation of the soul and of the place in paradise. Just a few Popes, strong spiritually and that was interested in the good of Christian souls have tried, during their period of Church Government, to stem these drifts by so many spiritual and little more clerical Bursars. Even today the fight is tough and, as shown by the latest happenings inside the Vatican show, no holds barred. Today that Christian message disclosed by the early Apostles remains a faint thread of spirituality which enables the Church to continue its journey of faith, Although limping. How are current today those words that Paul of Tarsus wrote in 1st Corinthians as a warning to the first Christians lost the way of Christ and as a guide to rediscover the path of true spirituality: “…faith, hope and love, but of these, the most important of these is love ". These three virtues were the three chosen by Paul as a foundation to build the Church of Christ. Pillars that today as in the past a marshy soil too unhealthy and sinking. Innocent III he dreamed that the pillars of the Church were failing and that it was now on the verge of collapse when he saw a man, a poor dressed in rags who steadied him the same pillars and lifted the Church, Innocent III clearly saw Francis in that poor. Today another Francis tries to revive those pillars, strong of faith, hope and love, at least its.

Roberto

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Winning the right to read

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Today it is almost a foregone conclusion that anyone can read and choose what you want to read. In truth, This social conquest is relatively recent, especially with regard to women.
In the Western world mass literacy was achieved only during the 19th century. However the percentage of female readers was very different among residents in town and country, and especially between capitals and the rest of countries.
The first readings that nineteenth-century women were encouraged to undertake were purely religious mold, what some lives of Saints and the Bible. Over time, however, women were attracted to types of reading so to speak more lay, and there arose new types of texts dedicated to women like cheap popular novels and cookbooks. The novels were exquisitely adapted to women, in turn seen as creatures with limited intellectual ability, frivolous and emotional. Therefore, the popular novel was soon associated with women of poor quality and of dubious morality, women who were carried away by the imagination and fantasies of passion of purely fictional characters, as, to name one only, the famous Madame Bovary by Flaubert.
This type of readings were therefore often, especially in rural areas, prohibited by the breadwinner.
With the advent of World War I the woman could change their social position largely because of the absence of the male figure, commitment on: many women had indeed the opportunity to change their lifestyle and the social environment, extended people exchanges and ritagliarono space to attend cultural clubs and libraries.
If you analyze the illiteracy rates today, There is still an alarming: According to data from the Institute for Statistics of UNESCO, the total number of illiterates is about 771 millions, of which 2/3 of women. This number makes you think and definitely puts an emphasis on gender, still present, and about the different possibilities of access to culture that have men and women.

Maria

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