A woman who is not afraid: Edda Ciano Mussolini

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1925. A teenage girl of fifteen years has just found out that mom has a love affair with the stationmaster of the country. The girl ashamed and disapproval of the behavior of the mother. Still doesn't know that life, sometimes, door men and women to seek consolation, revenge, or just a form of love outside of marriage. And condemnation for this mother, often violent and grumpy, a mother from slap easy, always locked in the kitchen. For the girl is simply inconceivable to think that dad might be betrayed. He knows that his father has betrayed and betrays often mom, especially during his long absence for work, but that does not count. He can, He can do all things.
This is the story of Edda Ciano Mussolini. Born in 1910, often lives far from father. However between the two develops a deep bond, made of silences full of meaning. It is the father who teaches her that should never be seen crying in public, and above all must never be afraid.
The beloved daughter of the duce, the eldest, is a capricious girl and stubborn, restless and bizarre, the only one who can stand up to the father and to which it is allowed to do so. Parents see in marriage the only natural brake at this girl's smart and rebellious excesses: start this way to propose to Edda a number of young men with excellent references, which are discarded one after another. The young man had a Jewish boy, presenting to the mother: Rachele, out of spite, preparing a lunch of ham, What that does not factor at all the pretender. Benito refuses to grant their hand obviously preferred to a Jew, and between these two the relationship ends. However, Edda in getting, ten years later, her Jewish friend from the concentration camp that was finished because of racial events.
Edda weddings in Rome 24 April 1930 count Galeazzo Ciano, met at a ball a few months before. A man who Edda will define perfect, Although it is still herself who described it as a husband by the hand "to and fro" and especially as a large "tombeur de femmes". The daughter of Mussolini will suffer greatly as a result of cheating husband, until, After spending an entire night trying in vain to get sick from pneumonia to frighten her husband, decide that whatever happened she would not have been ever more jealous. Edda and cyan continued to live together, UPS and downs, being like brother and sister, but not stopped ever to betray each other.
War breaks out: Edda works right from the start as a red cross nurse, first in Turin, then in Albania, where your ship is sunk by a British torpedo, and finally in Sicily, during the allied landings.
The 25 July 1943 the Countess is on holiday at the seaside with children, When it receives a message from the husband Cyan that asks her to return for Rome. Il duce fell. Edda strives to find a safe place for the whole family, trying first to the Vatican, then addressing himself directly to the Germans: the latter offer the family an escape for the Cyan Spain, but will prove a trap that will lead us in Germany, prisoners of the Nazis. The 18 October 1943 Cyan is stopped by officials of the new Social Republic of Salo and recalled to Italy: After you've secured the children in Switzerland, the woman will do anything to try to free her husband and to avoid the death sentence. Edda try to swap the man's diaries (anti German) to obtain in Exchange for the release of her husband; but Ciano is brutally shot the 11 January 1944 in Verona, along with other "traitors".
For Edda this is the beginning of the end. In the last meeting with il duce took place a few weeks before, Edda told Benito that if he hadn't intervened for Galeazzo she would have considered her father. The woman is angry with his mother, He has never taken the side of cyan in the past, much less in this circumstance.
Edda rejoins with children in Switzerland, Sola, and you move from a nursing home to another. He carries her husband's diaries, which will become a historical source of primary importance to reconstruct the facts of fascism from ' 36 to ' 43. And Switzerland that Edda will, via radio, the dreadful end of his father, the disgraceful end of piazzale Loreto, Mussolini hanging upside down with his mistress Claretta Petacci.
It's the showdown: Edda is called in Italy, and with grotesque charges was sent into internal exile on Lipari. Benefiting from an amnesty, Unable to be reunited with her children after a year of posting, and the battle begins to get the corpse of his father and the family property, battle that after long years will win.

The only thing that Edda claims to have done well is being managed, over time, to reunite what remained of his family: his mother and mother-in-law, the children and grandmothers. Inflexible and authoritarian woman, called "Edda" by his own sons, but at the same time fragile and vulnerable woman, Edda suffered unimaginable suffering, but following the advice of father, "never be afraid", he dared, After the terrible facts that marked his life, to live a near normal life.

Maria

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Will is power: the woman who won the "top of Europe"

 

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September 1838. Chamonix. Like all day, stands out in the open sky the huge Mont Blanc, the massif of the Alps, "Top of Europe" with its 4.810 meters of altitude. The village is in a tizzy, something's up again and bizarre: a French woman, a Countess, want to reach the Summit of Mount, and he wants to do it alone, Thanks to their strength and stubbornness only.

In 1811 already another French woman, Marie Paradis, He attempted the ascent of the Massif, arriving at the Summit. Failed to accomplish the feat only thanks to their strengths, but he had to, halfway, beseech the help of guides who brought the woman to shoulders, seeds passed out, to the top.
Henriette of Angeville, our protagonist, He was a passionate of mountains. Born in Burgundy in 1794, He moved with his family in the Rhône, in Southern France – Eastern. There the contessina fell soon of nature and of the Alps; from an early age Henriette took it into his head that one day would attempt the climb, and that would be the first woman to reach the Summit without the help of a man.
So the 02 September 1838, at 6 in the morning, the woman and the guides began in March. The path was up to 4.300 meters of altitude, When the cold was almost unbearable, as well as fatigue. Henriette threatened several times to fall on deaf ears, but he always refused to take her shoulders, stubborn and obstinate in his purpose. The party reached the Summit the next day at 13,25. The Countess, at the peak of satisfaction and happiness wrote in the snow: "Willpower", as if to say that nothing is impossible if coexist determination and efforts to achieve their goals.
Nicknamed "the girlfriend of Mont Blanc", Henriette and her story are quickly fallen into oblivion, Although the effort completed by the woman can be regarded as a real company. Mountain climbing as we understand it today, extension of Alpine tourism in addition to joy of discovery, did not exist in those years, and mostly the activity at high altitude was practiced by men for scientific purposes, as the measurement of pressure and temperature. Henriette was not only the first woman to reach their own feet the highest peak in Europe, But even ahead of the times and the passions that would then distinguished many women centuries.

Maria

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Sunday Bloody Sunday

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The 30 January 1972 in Derry, dell city’ Northern Ireland, the 1st Battalion of the parachute regiment of the British army fired against a crowd of demonstrators for civil rights, by attacking 26. Tredicidi died soon, the fourteenth died a few days later from his injuries. It was Sunday and this tragic event went down in history as Bloody Sunday. Behind this Act there is a bitter conflict between the two main dell’ Northern Ireland or the Unionists British and Protestant wire array on one side and the Republicans Irish and Catholic wire across. The first faction descended from British colonialists occupied the Irish soil from the 16th century and numerically were two-thirds of the Northern Irish space. They held political and economic control of that area. L’ the other faction was the remaining third of Northern Ireland, But even the majority of Ireland. In 1970 He was born an armed group called IRA, Irish Republic Army, which ran guerrilla Northern Irish police and British army. The latter defended the unionists while l’ IRA defending Catholics. In this land of bloody fight had sent police to arrest and hold in custody without trial those stained by acts rioters using a measure called Internment. This situation of refusal before the law did move the protest of Derry, a peaceful protest, but over in the blood due to the disproportionate response of the British paratroopers. For years the leaders of that’ Act remained unpunished. A first Board, chaired by Lord Widgery and wanted by the British Government, acquitted British army leaders involved. Then a second Commission of inquiry, chaired by Lord Saville, with the help of 900 witnesses and years of difficult investigations came to recognize the responsibility of the 1st Battalion of the parachute regiment of the British army, and that the victims were incapable of causing damage to the English military. Prime Minister Cameron said that it was an act of unfair and unjustifiable. Only in 2015 It was the first arrest of one of English military blamed for killing one of the victims. Bloody Sunday instead of quelling the protest he encouraged and strengthened the IRA and confrontations in later years. In 1983 U2 released the song "Sunday Bloody Sunday" to remind everyone that tragic Sunday and to ensure that the rhetoric of “Hopefully not happen again″ you face reality soon.

Hector Parker

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Lest we forget: talking is not enough, need to listen

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In a contemporary time always moving, dominated by the word and the image, Today it is important to stop and listen to the echoes of history. We want to do with the poem written by Primo Levi, He opens his book “If this is a man”. And’ the story of a man locked up in concentration camps, who fought for survival. And’ the same story of millions of men, women and children.

You who live safe
In your warm homes
You who found coming night
Hot food and friendly faces:
Consider if this is a man,
Working in the mud
That knows no peace
Struggling through bread
Dying for a Yes or a no.
Consider if this is a woman,
Without hair and without name
No more strength to remember
Empty eyes and cold the womb
Like a frog in winter.
Meditate that this was:
I command these words.

Carve them in your heart
Standing in the House going to away,
Coricandovi rise:
Repeat them to your children.
Or face the House,
The illness prevent you from,
Your born children turn your face from you.

Roberto Rossetti

 

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The First Lady of the world: Eleanor Roosevelt

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Coming from a wealthy family of the bourgeoisie in New York, grandson of the 26th President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt, Eleanor was dubbed "the ugly duckling", because of his physical appearance just graceful.
He met Franklin at a family Christmas party: the two began dating from 1902, and they married on 17 March 1905.
The marriage was not happy, mainly because of the intrusiveness of the mother-in-law of Eleanor, contrary to the Union, and numerous cheating made by spouses. Despite this, Eleanor supported her husband's career throughout his life and his political ascent. During the difficult years of the New Deal, in both positions during World War II, not only the first lady was beside the President, but often their personal contribution in the decisions to be made and strategies implemented.
Eleanor was particularly attentive to causes such as civil rights and the rights of African Americans. Often he was in having to replace her husband, ill with polio and paralyzed in the legs, in official visits, particularly at the front, where supported morally troops and Red Cross activities. Became "the legs and ears ' of the President.
After the death of Franklin in 1945, Eleanor retired to private life: the successor to the White House, Truman, He chose her as the representative of the United States at the Conference for human rights at the United Nations Commission. The Roosevelt occupied this position until 1952, and earned the nickname "First Lady of the World".
After the second world war, played a crucial role in the drafting and adoption of the Universal Declaration of human rights and the citizen, you defined in the famous speech of 28 September 1948 the "Magna Carta of all mankind".
Yet, Eleanor was chosen by John F. Kennedy in ' 60 to head the Presidential Commission on the status of women.
Eleanor Roosevelt is still a revered character in the United States and many first ladies who have succeeded have claimed to be inspired by her figure; certainly Eleanor rejected the traditional role of mere "hostess" and undertaken for the first time social and political initiatives of great importance and successfully. Certainly will be remembered not only for being the Eleanor wife of a President.

Maria

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